N’chifukwa chiyani magetsi owunikira magalimoto anasankha mitundu itatu ya kufiira, yachikasu ndi yobiriwira?

Nyali yofiira ndi "ima", nyali yobiriwira ndi "pita", ndipo nyali yachikasu ndi "pita mwachangu". Iyi ndi njira yolankhulirana yomwe takhala tikuikumbukira kuyambira tili ana, koma kodi mukudziwa chifukwa chake?kuwala kwa magalimotoamasankha mitundu yofiira, yachikasu, ndi yobiriwira m'malo mwa mitundu ina?

Mtundu wa magetsi owala magalimoto

Tikudziwa kuti kuwala kooneka ndi mtundu wa mafunde amagetsi, omwe ndi gawo la ma electromagnetic spectrum omwe diso la munthu limatha kuwaona. Pa mphamvu yomweyo, kutalika kwa mafunde, kumakhala kochepa kufalikira, ndipo kumapita kutali. Mafunde a mafunde amagetsi omwe maso a anthu wamba amatha kuwaona ndi pakati pa 400 ndi 760 nanometers, ndipo mafunde a kuwala kwa ma frequency osiyanasiyana nawonso ndi osiyana. Pakati pawo, mafunde a kuwala kofiira ndi 760 ~ 622 nanometers; mafunde a kuwala kwachikasu ndi 597 ~ 577 nanometers; mafunde obiriwira ndi 577 ~ 492 nanometers. Chifukwa chake, kaya ndi nyali yozungulira kapena nyali yoyendera, magetsi owunikira magalimoto adzakonzedwa motsatira dongosolo la ofiira, achikasu, ndi obiriwira. Pamwamba kapena kumanzere kwambiri ayenera kukhala nyali yofiira, pomwe kuwala kwachikasu kuli pakati. Pali chifukwa cha dongosololi - ngati magetsi sakhazikika kapena dzuwa ndi lamphamvu kwambiri, dongosolo lokhazikika la magetsi a chizindikiro limakhala losavuta kuti dalaivala azindikire, kuti atsimikizire kuti kuyendetsa bwino.

Mbiri ya magetsi owunikira magalimoto

Magetsi oyambirira owunikira magalimoto adapangidwira sitima osati magalimoto. Popeza zofiira zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri pamitundu yowoneka, zimatha kuwoneka patali kuposa mitundu ina. Chifukwa chake, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyali yowunikira magalimoto pa sitima. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola, zikhalidwe zambiri zimawona zofiira ngati chizindikiro cha ngozi.

Mtundu wobiriwira ndi wachiwiri kwa wachikasu pa mtundu wooneka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale mtundu wosavuta kuuona. Mu magetsi oyambirira a njanji, mtundu wobiriwira poyamba unkaimira "chenjezo", pomwe wopanda mtundu kapena woyera unkaimira "magalimoto onse".

Malinga ndi "Signals za Sitima", mitundu yoyambirira ya magetsi a chizindikiro cha sitima inali yoyera, yobiriwira ndi yofiira. Kuwala kobiriwira kunasonyeza chenjezo, kuwala koyera kunasonyeza kuti ndi bwino kupita, ndipo kuwala kofiira kunasonyeza kuti kuyima ndikudikira, monga momwe zilili pano. Komabe, pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, magetsi a chizindikiro chamitundu usiku ndi owonekera kwambiri motsutsana ndi nyumba zakuda, pomwe magetsi oyera amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi chilichonse. Mwachitsanzo, mwezi wamba, nyali, komanso magetsi oyera amatha kuphatikizidwa nawo. Pankhaniyi, woyendetsa galimotoyo akhoza kuyambitsa ngozi chifukwa sangathe kusiyanitsa bwino.

Nthawi yopangira nyali yachikasu yachedwa, ndipo wopanga wake ndi Hu Ruding waku China. Ma nyali oyambira magalimoto anali ndi mitundu iwiri yokha, yofiira ndi yobiriwira. Pamene Hu Ruding anali kuphunzira ku United States ali mwana, anali kuyenda mumsewu. Nyali yobiriwira itayaka, anali pafupi kusuntha pamene galimoto yozungulira inadutsa pafupi naye, kumuopseza kutuluka mgalimotomo. Ali ndi thukuta lozizira. Chifukwa chake, adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito nyali yachikasu, kutanthauza, yachikasu yowoneka bwino yokhala ndi kutalika kwa mafunde owoneka pambuyo pa yofiira, ndikukhalabe pamalo "ochenjeza" kuti akumbutse anthu za ngozi.

Mu 1968, "Mgwirizano wa Magalimoto Amsewu ndi Zizindikiro za Msewu" wa United Nations unafotokoza tanthauzo la magetsi osiyanasiyana owunikira magalimoto. Pakati pawo, nyali yachikasu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro chochenjeza. Magalimoto omwe akuyang'ana nyali yachikasu sangathe kuwoloka mzere woyimitsa, koma galimotoyo ikakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi mzere woyimitsa ndipo singayime bwino panthawi yake, imatha kulowa m'malo olumikizirana magalimoto ndikudikirira. Kuyambira pamenepo, lamuloli lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi.

Zomwe zili pamwambapa ndi mtundu ndi mbiri ya magetsi owunikira magalimoto, ngati mukufuna magetsi owunikira magalimoto, takulandirani kuti tilumikizane.wopanga magetsi owunikira magalimotoQixing kutiWerengani zambiri.