Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, ku York City ku Central England, zovala zofiira ndi zobiriwira zinkaimira akazi osiyanasiyana. Pakati pawo, mkazi wovala zofiira amatanthauza kuti ndine wokwatiwa, pomwe mkazi wovala zobiriwira sanakwatiwe. Pambuyo pake, ngozi zamagalimoto nthawi zambiri zinkachitika patsogolo pa nyumba yamalamulo ku London, England, kotero anthu ankalimbikitsidwa ndi zovala zofiira ndi zobiriwira. Pa Disembala 10, 1868, membala woyamba wa banja la nyali ya chizindikiro anabadwira pa bwalo la nyumba yamalamulo ku London. Choyimira nyali chomwe chinapangidwa ndi kupangidwa ndi makanika wa ku Britain de Hart panthawiyo chinali cha mamita 7 kutalika, ndipo chinali ndi nyali yofiira ndi yobiriwira ya gasi, yomwe inali nyali yoyamba ya chizindikiro pamsewu wa mzinda.
Pansi pa nyali, apolisi okhala ndi ndodo yayitali anakoka lamba kuti asinthe mtundu wa nyaliyo momwe akufunira. Pambuyo pake, chotchingira nyali cha gasi chinayikidwa pakati pa nyaliyo, ndipo panali zidutswa ziwiri za galasi lofiira ndi lobiriwira patsogolo pake. Mwatsoka, nyali ya gasi, yomwe inalipo kwa masiku 23 okha, inaphulika mwadzidzidzi ndi kutuluka, ndikupha apolisi omwe anali pantchito.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, magetsi a pamsewu mumzindawu aletsedwa. Cleveland ku United States inatsogolera pakukonzanso magetsi a pamsewu mu 1914, koma inali kale "magetsi owunikira magetsi". Pambuyo pake, magetsi a pamsewu anaonekeranso m'mizinda monga New York ndi Chicago.
Ndi chitukuko cha njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendera komanso zosowa za akuluakulu oyendetsa magalimoto, kuwala koyamba kooneka ngati katatu (zizindikiro zofiira, zachikasu ndi zobiriwira) kunabadwa mu 1918. Ndi pulojekiti yozungulira mbali zinayi yokhala ndi mitundu itatu, yomwe imayikidwa pa nsanja pa Fifth Street ku New York City. Chifukwa cha chiyambi chake, magalimoto mumzinda asintha kwambiri.
Wopanga nyali yachikasu ndi Hu ruding wa ku China. Pokhala ndi cholinga chofuna "kupulumutsa dzikolo kudzera mu sayansi", anapita ku United States kukaphunzira zambiri ndipo ankagwira ntchito ngati wantchito wa General Electric Company ku United States, komwe Edison, wopanga wamkulu, anali tcheyamani. Tsiku lina, anaima pamalo otanganidwa akuyembekezera chizindikiro cha kuwala kobiriwira. Atawona kuwala kofiira ndipo anali pafupi kudutsa, galimoto yozungulira inadutsa ndi phokoso lozungulira, lomwe linamuopseza ndi thukuta lozizira. Atabwerera kuchipinda chogona, anaganiza mobwerezabwereza, ndipo pamapeto pake anaganiza zowonjezera nyali yachikasu pakati pa nyali zofiira ndi zobiriwira kuti akumbutse anthu kuti azisamala za ngoziyo. Lingaliro lake linatsimikiziridwa nthawi yomweyo ndi magulu omwe akukhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake, nyali zofiira, zachikasu ndi zobiriwira, monga banja lathunthu la chizindikiro cholamula, zafalikira padziko lonse lapansi pankhani ya mayendedwe apamtunda, apanyanja ndi apamlengalenga.
Magetsi oyambirira a pamsewu ku China adawonekera mu mgwirizano wa Britain ku Shanghai mu 1928. Kuyambira lamba woyamba wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi manja mpaka wowongolera magetsi m'zaka za m'ma 1950, kuyambira kugwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera makompyuta mpaka kuyang'anira nthawi zamagetsi zamakono, magetsi a pamsewu akhala akusinthidwa nthawi zonse, kupangidwa ndi kusinthidwa mu sayansi ndi automation.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-01-2022
