Nyali ya chizindikiro cha magalimoto ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga magalimoto, lomwe limapereka chithandizo champhamvu cha zida zoyendera bwino pamsewu. Komabe, ntchito ya chizindikiro cha magalimoto iyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zonse panthawi yokhazikitsa, ndipo mphamvu ya makina, kuuma ndi kukhazikika polandira katundu ziyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira mu mapulani a kapangidwe kake. Kenako, ndikuwonetsani njira yokhazikitsira bwino mitengo ya nyali ya chizindikiro cha magalimoto ndi njira zokongoletsa nyali ya chizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti mumvetse.
Njira yokhazikitsira bwino ndodo ya nyali ya chizindikiro cha magalimoto
Pali njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino zowerengera mitengo ya nyali ya chizindikiro: imodzi ndiyo kupangitsa kuti kapangidwe ka nyali ya chizindikiro kakhale kosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za makina omangira ndi makina azinthu, ndikusankha njira yokonzekera malire kuti muwone kuwerengera.
China ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowerengera yoyerekeza ya njira ya finite element pofufuza. Ngakhale njira ya finite element ndi yolondola kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito makina owerengera ndalama, inkagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri panthawiyo chifukwa njira ya limit state imatha kupereka zitsimikizo zolondola ndipo njira yowerengera ndalama ndi yosavuta kumva.
Kapangidwe ka pamwamba pa ndodo ya chizindikiro nthawi zambiri kamakhala kachitsulo, ndipo njira yokonzekera malire kutengera chiphunzitso cha kuthekera imasankhidwa. Kukonzekera kumadalira mkhalidwe wa malire a mphamvu yonyamula katundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Maziko otsika ndi maziko a konkriti, ndipo kukonzekera kwamalingaliro kwa uinjiniya wa maziko kumasankhidwa.
Zipangizo zodziwika bwino za chizindikiro cha magalimoto mu uinjiniya wa magalimoto ndi izi:
1. Mtundu wa mzati
Mizati ya nyali ya chizindikiro cha pillar nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika nyali zothandizira zizindikiro ndi nyali za chizindikiro cha oyenda pansi. Nyali zothandizira zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa mbali yakumanzere ndi yakumanja ya msewu woyimika magalimoto.
2. Mtundu wa chotsukira
Mzati wowala wa chizindikiro cha Cantilevered umapangidwa ndi mzati woyima ndi mkono wopingasa. Ubwino wa chipangizochi ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi ndi kuwongolera zida za chizindikiro pamalo olumikizirana magalimoto ambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa zovuta zoyika magetsi. Makamaka, ndikosavuta kukonzekera njira zingapo zowongolera zizindikiro pamalo olumikizirana magalimoto ovuta.
3. Mtundu wa chosinthira cha cantilever chawiri
Ndodo yowunikira ya chizindikiro cha cantilever iwiri imapangidwa ndi ndodo yoyima ndi mikono iwiri yopingasa. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito panjira zazikulu ndi zothandizira, misewu yayikulu ndi yothandiza kapena malo olumikizirana okhala ndi mawonekedwe a T. Mikono iwiri yopingasa imatha kukhala yopingasa ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
4. Mtundu wa Gantry
Mzere wowunikira wa chizindikiro cha gantry nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo olumikizirana ndi otakata ndipo pakufunika kuyika zizindikiro zingapo nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito polowera mumsewu ndi polowera mumzinda.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-12-2022
